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How to Use XLOOKUP Function in Excel: The Modern Lookup Tool

Monday, June 2nd 2025. | Excel

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Learn how to use the powerful XLOOKUP function in Excel for faster and more flexible lookups. Perfect guide for beginners and professionals in the USA.

What Is the XLOOKUP Function in Excel?

XLOOKUP is the newest and most versatile lookup function introduced in Excel 365 and Excel 2019+. It improves upon older functions like VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP by allowing searches in any direction — vertical or horizontal — and returning exact or approximate matches.

Unlike VLOOKUP, XLOOKUP doesn’t require the lookup value to be in the first column or row, making it far more flexible.

Formula syntax:

=XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode])

Breaking Down the Arguments

lookup_value: The value to search for
lookup_array: The array or range to search
return_array: The array or range to return a value from
[if_not_found]: Optional; value to return if no match is found
[match_mode]: Optional; 0 = exact match (default), -1 = exact or next smaller, 1 = exact or next larger, 2 = wildcard match
[search_mode]: Optional; 1 = search first-to-last (default), -1 = search last-to-first

Simple XLOOKUP Example

Imagine this data:

A            | B
------------ | ------------
Product ID   | Product Name
101          | Keyboard
102          | Mouse
103          | Monitor

To find the product name for ID 103, use:

=XLOOKUP(103, A2:A4, B2:B4, "Not Found")

This returns: Monitor

Why Use XLOOKUP? Benefits Over VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP

No need to worry about lookup column position
Can search from bottom to top or right to left
Handles missing data gracefully with custom messages
Supports approximate, exact, and wildcard matching
Easier to write and less prone to errors

Common Use Cases in the USA

Accounting: Lookup invoice details regardless of column order
Sales: Find customer info across large datasets
HR: Retrieve employee records flexibly

Tips for Mastering XLOOKUP

Use [if_not_found] to avoid #N/A errors
Combine with FILTER or SORT functions for powerful dynamic reports
Test your match modes for the best results

Common Errors & Troubleshooting

#N/A: Lookup value not found and no [if_not_found] specified
Spill errors: Occur when the return array overlaps existing data

Conclusion

XLOOKUP is the future of Excel lookups. It’s designed to simplify your formulas and boost productivity. If you’re working with large or complex data sets in the USA or anywhere else, learning XLOOKUP will give you a major advantage.

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